Friday, November 18, 2011

Palliative Care and End-of-life: How it's Done

**_San Jose Care Resource Guide:  In End-of -Life decisions, it is important to realize how the "patient"  would  be_**

1. **_ Euthanized, or_**
2. **_Terminated, or_**
3. **_Killed._**

**_ Pick your choice of terms according to your belief system,  (yes, atheism is a belief system too…)_**

_**_San Jose Care Resource Guide: _**_

_Since a lot of patients are on respirators at the time this would be done. [We use the word "done"  instead of "happen" because this is an active decision on the part of the patient (if conscious), the medical palliative care  team, and of the family.]   We found this article in the  Journal of Pain and Symptom Management .  T__his study is about  the influence of morphine injection on time to death after withdrawing ventilation from a terminal patient.[** Click  Here **][1]Article is from East Carolina University._

**_**_San Jose Care Resource Guide, _** quoting:  _**_"…The mean time to death after terminal extubation was 152.7 ± 229.5 minutes without correlation with premorbid diagnoses..After extubation, each 1 mg/hour increment of morphine infused during the last hour of life was associated with a delay of death by 7.9 minutes …"__(Extubation: remaval of the respiration devices}_

_**San Jose Care Resource Guide: So,**_

* 152.7 + 229.5 minutes=382.20min  **6.37 hrs:**       We are kinder to criminals with lethal injections…see below
* 152.7 - 229.5 minutes=382.20min=-76.8 min:       Negative time a little confusing??

**Compare the duration of death by extubation we mentionned above,  to the duration of the death penalty procedure by lethal injection.  **

**Quoting** [Medscape Today][2]:   "….According to the North Carolina Department of Corrections, once the ECG monitor displays a flat line for 5 min, the warden declares death and a physician certifies that death has occurred. Execution start times and declaration times were available for 33 of the 42 lethal injections conducted in North Carolina … **Mean times to death [for lethal injection ececutions] were 9.88 ± 3.87 min for Protocol A, 13.47 ± 4.88 min for Protocol B, and 9.00 ± 3.71 min for Protocol C….."**

**San Jose Care Resource Guide: You can draw your own conclusions…**

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[1]: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T8R-51XWW3B-5&_user=10&_coverDate=01%2F13%2F2011&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_origin=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=49bd787655f684a640cba4ef7d2cd587&searchtype=a
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